Hinduism is characterized by its diverse pantheon of deities, sacred texts such as the Vedas and Upanishads, and concepts like Karma (action), Dharma (duty) and Moksha (salvation). Hinduism accommodates various sects, each with its own interpretations and emphasis. Some prominent sects include Vaishnavism, which worships Vishnu and his avatars like Rama and Krishna; Shaivism, devoted to Shiva as the supreme deity; and Shaktism, centered around the worship of the divine feminine, often personified as Devi or various goddesses. Bhakti is a devotional sect within Hinduism that emerged in medieval India, emphasizing personal devotion (Bhakti) to a chosen deity as a means of spiritual realization and liberation. Bhakti practitioners express deep love, devotion, and surrender to their chosen deity, often through rituals, prayers, chanting, and songs. The movement transcends caste, creed, and social status, advocating for an inclusive approach to spirituality. 

It is the Jina or "Victors" from whom the religion takes its name, while its followers are the "jaina", or, in French, the "jains". 

Islam in India has a rich and diverse history, dating back to the 7th century with the arrival of traders and later, conquests by Muslim rulers. The spread of Islam in India led to the development of various branches and traditions, including Sufism, a mystical and spiritual dimension of Islam that emphasizes love, devotion, and the direct experience of God. India has a long tradition of Quranic scholarship and manuscript production. Indian calligraphers have created beautiful Quranic manuscripts adorned with intricate designs and motifs, reflecting regional artistic styles. 

Parsis are a Zoroastrian community originally from Persia from where they migrated to the Indian subcontinent around the 8th century CE to escape religious persecution. They settled predominantly in the western state of Gujarat and later spread to other parts of India. Parsi manuscripts are invaluable records of their religious and cultural heritage. They include texts such as the Avesta, the sacred scriptures of Zoroastrianism, as well as religious commentaries, prayers, and rituals. These manuscripts are written in Avestan, Pahlavi, and Gujarati scripts, reflecting the linguistic diversity of the Parsi community over centuries.